EDITORIAL: Precautions for those facing dementia during the heat of summer

Published 9:00 am Saturday, July 13, 2024

The rising temperatures of summer in Northwest Georgia bring with them a spate of cautions that are necessary for anyone that has to face the sometimes-sweltering heat.

According to the World Health Organization, Heat stress is the leading cause of weather-related deaths and can exacerbate underlying illnesses. Heatstroke is a medical emergency with a high-case fatality rate.

Weather forecasts show that temperatures in Dalton could reach as high as 102 degrees this weekend and early next week.

Steps can be taken to mitigate the extreme heat if you have to be outside — like staying hydrated and taking breaks to duck indoors to cool off.

But some groups of people are especially susceptible to the dangers of the summer heat, and that includes individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias.

“People living with Alzheimer’s and other dementia can be vulnerable during extreme weather because their judgment may be impaired and they may be unable to communicate discomfort,” said Linda Davidson, executive director of the Alzheimer’s Association Georgia Chapter. “It’s really important to take extra precautions with these individuals when there is extreme heat or other excessive weather conditions.”

There are nearly 7 million Americans living with Alzheimer’s disease, according to the Alzheimer’s Association, including more than 188,000 here in Georgia.

The Alzheimer’s Association offers some tips that can help a person with dementia stay safe and feel less overwhelmed during periods of heat:

— Make a plan

Family and friends should prepare accordingly and make plans to regularly check-in on a person living with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias during extreme heat. Arrange alternative plans for cooler spaces, if air conditioning is unavailable, and dress in loose, light clothing.

— Pay attention at night

Keep people living with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias cool by using fans and keeping the air conditioning on. At night, low temperatures can still exceed 75 degrees with little fluctuation in humidity levels, making for difficult sleeping conditions, heightened anxiety and increased agitation.

— Prepare for behavioral challenges

Research shows that heat can increase agitation and confusion in people. Try to remove behavioral triggers by addressing the person’s physical needs related to the heat, then tending to their emotional needs.

— Stay hydrated

Increased water intake is essential to maintaining good hydration and health during extreme heat. Know the signs of heat exhaustion to avoid heat stroke. Dehydration may be difficult to notice in a person living with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, as signs like increased fatigue, dry mouth and headache may be difficult to detect.

— Stay informed

Keep an eye on local weather forecasts. High temperatures are not the only cause for concern. Humidity and air pollution indices can cause breathing difficulties.